As the Networked Society takes shape, providing the right user experience is a top priority for operators. Bandwidth-hungry applications common on smartphones, tablets and other connected devices are driving figures for data traffic sky high. The opportunity for operators arises from people, business and society depending on their devices, mobile broadband access and high-performance networks. Heterogeneous networks, commonly known as hetnets, are efforts to improve and densify existing mobile broadband infrastructure together with added small cells are important when meeting ever-increasing user expectations.

Users are increasingly aware of the connection speed, data rate, coverage and availability of their mobile broadband services. To ensure that subscribers remain satisfied, operators must deliver a consistent, high-quality and seamless mobile broadband experience that meets or exceeds user expectations.

To provide the right mobile broadband experience, networks need sufficient capacity and coverage to deliver high data throughput with very low latency. Heterogeneous networks, commonly referred to as hetnets, in which small cells complement macro cells, can help meet this need.

How, when and where operators migrate to heterogeneous networks (hetnets) will be dictated by their mobile broadband services and their existing networks, as well as broader market, technical and economic considerations. One size does not fit all, and flexibility is needed to ensure that customer expectations are met in the most cost-effective, spectral-efficient and future-proof way.

Heterogeneous networks – meeting mobile broadband expectations with maximum efficiency

Businesses of all sizes can make immediate gains in efficiency and reduce their environmental impact by employing visual communication services. However, these services have not yet broken into the mass market, which presents operators with a strategically important opportunity. With their economies of scale, operators can offer enterprise customers a combination of low price, good service and high quality that other market players cannot match.

With networks shifting to packet-switched technology, visual communication offerings that bundle voice, data and video into attractive packages constitute a potential game-changer for operators in a rapidly evolving marketplace. There are several reasons why operators, rather than enterprise communication services or over-the-top players, will dominate the market for visual communication services.

Operator offerings can combine the quality, trust and economy that enterprises require. By taking advantage of their inherent strengths in the visual communication market, operators can improve customer loyalty and reduce churn.

Visual communication – why operators should address the enterprise market

Everyone from content providers, to users, to operators can benefit from the network-enabled cloud and cloud service delivery. The current over-the-top model for cloud service delivery has some serious deficiencies – users, operators and content providers have their own priorities in terms of cost, efficiency, quality of experience (QoE) and as such want different things from the network-enabled cloud. With their network assets and existing relationships with users, operators are uniquely positioned to understand users’ needs for cloud services and meet those needs effectively.

Everyone can enjoy the benefits of the cloud services – users get access to content and content providers gain a means of global distribution. The problem – delivery – arises between the provider and the consumer. The current over-the-top delivery model for content and services raises a number of issues that are potential deal-breakers for migration to cloud services.

To differentiate, operators should aim beyond traditional cloud services and target premium cloud services instead, such as personalized video and real-time interactive gaming, where network performance, security and regulatory compliance are crucial.

The network-enabled, distributed cloud is an operator-specific approach to cloud that can be built on the key asset: the network. It addresses the network-dependent constraints of existing cloud solutions that affect performance of cloud-based applications.

By embracing the concept of the network-enabled cloud, operators can better control and profit from the provision of cloud services.

Operator opportunities in cloud service delivery - optimization and monetization

Backhaul plays a critical role in mobile broadband, and is rising in importance on account of the introduction of heterogeneous networks, known as hetnets. Deploying vast numbers of small cells to complement improved and densified macrocell layers will require a range of highly scalable, flexible mobile backhaul solutions that support superior user experience.

Knowledge and experience of matching the capacity and performance requirements of mobile-broadband radio networks with the appropriate backhaul resources is relatively well developed. With the arrival of small cells on the scene, backhaul requirements are once again in the spotlight. Overall, the backhaul should not limit the radio access network and should have sufficient end-to-end performance to meet the desired user quality of experience (QoE) everywhere. This is valid for backhaul of mobile networks today, and will be equally important for backhaul in both the macro and micro layers of a heterogeneous network – hetnet – in the future.

The introduction of heterogeneous networks (hetnets) will increase the number of radio nodes greatly. Backhaul, as a consequence, is crucial in a heterogeneous network (hetnet) scenario, as it constitutes a much larger share of the total cost of ownership.

It all comes back to backhaul - solutions supporting superior end-to-end quality of experience (QoE) for heterogeneous network (hetnet) deployments

Growth presents many opportunities for operators, where the challenge is to maintain excellent user experience – a task that is becoming highly complex, time-consuming and, ultimately, costly. The techniques and features of self-organizing networks deployed in nodes and management systems can address this complexity, freeing up operators to focus on their business objectives.

Deriving the maximum benefit from the functionality of self-organizing networks (SON) involves more than just installing a couple of automation and self-organizing features in various parts of the network. The true benefits of self-organizing networks (SON) will only be fully realized when all network components are organized into a complete system ensuring vertical interworking for all radio-access technologies – a concept referred to as smart simplicity.

Self-organizing networks (SON) functionality is an essential enabler of affordable, desirable mobile-broadband services owing to its support of leaner service and network management, and of optimized coverage, capacity and high-quality rollouts through heterogeneous network deployments.

Smarter self-organizing networks - intelligent support to address the mobile-broadband growth challenge

The GSMA IR.92 voice-over-LTE and GSMA IR.94 IMS conversational video specifications are the preferred industry choices for mass-market voice and video calling services over LTE, satisfying user expectations and providing the most advantageous solutions for operators. With the industry aligned telecom solution, operators can now start commercial deployments of a telecom-grade, globally interoperable solution for voice and video calling over LTE – even before LTE is fully deployed.

The term voice-over-LTE (VoLTE) is used to describe the GSMA specification (IR.92) for voice and Short Message Service (SMS) in LTE. VoLTE has widespread backing in the telecoms industry – more than 40 key players declared their support for it at the 2010 GSMA Mobile World Congress in Barcelona and many more have done so since. VoLTE, together with video calling over LTE, will bring deployment of interoperable and high-quality voice and video services together, as well as facilitating the development of interconnect and international roaming agreements among LTE operators.

With voice and video calling over LTE solutions based on established telecom standards with full industry support, operators can start launching commercial services immediately. There is a great opportunity to build a whole new telecoms world with innovative communication services over IP networks, with real and lasting value for operators and consumers.

Voice and video calling over LTE – a step towards future telephony

In the widening universe of communication services, contextual awareness will be increasingly important. Operator offerings and future communication solutions will need to be flexible enough to adapt to various contexts and operators will need to provide platforms for communication solutions, rather than individual communication services.

The internet has induced multiple shifts in both society and technological development, especially in terms of how people communicate. This poses a potent challenge for telecom operators; weakening of consumer relationships and revenue decline in their telephony business.

The future will require solutions that can evolve from today’s services and better adapt to customer needs, whether they are global reach for an interoperable mass-market service or customizations required to solve a particular business problem in a specific context. Hence, the strategy needs to build on an understanding of the implication of these paradigm shifts and how they impact on a telecom operator’s goals with respect to brand, finance, competence and technology.

The fact that an individual has the ability to control the way he or she is represented in various communication scenarios should be seen as a shift in the balance of power. Each individual decides which service, in which context, and on which platform they want to communicate; each with a different digital persona.

These trends are most evident in the behavior of younger people. In both their private lives and workplaces, they expect communication to be unlimited, flexible in usage and multifaceted in function. The work of connecting personas is today largely happening on the web. Future communication solutions will be required to interwork with multiple representations of a person or company role in a secure and seamless way.

One consequence of this shift of power toward the individual user is that the communication application logic (how to find and establish a connection to one particular digital persona) is not automatically tied to one representation of the physical person – for example, a particular phone number or e-mail address.

In-process oriented communication will add new communication enablers to services from the existing ICT industry. The greatest opportunities for telecom companies will likely come in two forms: the service-integrator role and the service-component provider role with simplicity, speed and performance as key aspects of the value proposition.

The greatest challenge is finding the right pace for change, in order to maintain and maximize profitable business sectors while transforming others. This pace will be different for every operator, depending on varying conditions. It is a decision that must be considered carefully yet without delay.

Preparing for the future of communication - it’s all about context

By significantly raising the quality of voice communication with more natural sound and improved intelligibility, HD voice will play a key role in ensuring that voice continues to offer value for operators and users of both fixed and mobile networks.

HD voice is a crucial next step in the development of communication services. Operators derive 70 percent of their revenue from voice and voice-related services, and studies show that subscribers appreciate the personal nature of voice communication, saying it offers a familiar and emotional connection to another person.

HD voice is a fully developed and standardized technology that has so far been deployed on 32 networks in almost as many countries. People who have experienced HD voice say it feels like they are talking to a person in the same room.

The operator business case for HD voice covers many aspects, including: how subscribers make more calls and spend more time on the phone with HD voice; that HD voice helps operators keep pace with OTT players; and how enterprises in particular can benefit through deploying HD voice.

HD voice – it speaks for itself

A decade ago wireless technology was dominated by mobile telephony. Today, there are around 5.8 billion mobile subscriptions. In the US market, for example, LTE networks cover more than 50 percent of the population and this figure is rapidly increasing. LTE enables an ever-widening range of services, enhanced QoS, efficient use of resources and flexible spectrum utilization. All of this in turn creates a wealth of new business opportunities, leading to tougher competition among service providers and application builders. Applications using highly accurate wireless-device positioning are constantly being developed and enhanced. This increases user expectations, which consequently creates demand for smarter services.

LTE offers support for multiple positioning methods and improved interpretation of positioning results enabling operators to provide enhanced subscriber services and more accurate positioning information, which is vital for emergency services, and can be utilized by many other industries and new applications.

Because no single positioning method works well in all environments, new-generation positioning systems must have integrated solutions that combine a wide range of complementary positioning methods and techniques together with the ability to learn about and adapt to the radio environment. This white paper shows how the functionality offered by LTE can be utilized for value-added services.

Positioning with LTE – maximizing performance through integrated solutions

Deploying mobile broadband in 1800MHz spectrum is part of the solution to the rapid growth of mobile broadband, which is forcing operators to add both coverage and capacity, applying a holistic spectrum strategy that covers voice-centric and mobile broadband network deployments. As the penetration of 3G-capable terminals increases, the 1800MHz spectrum used for GSM services becomes an increasingly attractive candidate for refarming to mobile broadband services based on LTE and HSPA.

Mobile broadband subscribers and traffic are growing at an unprecedented rate. The number of mobile broadband subscriptions is estimated to hit the one billion mark in 2011 [1] and Ericsson estimates that this figure will grow exponentially to almost top five billion by 2016 [2]. Some advanced markets have seen a doubling in mobile-data-traffic volumes every six to 12 months over the past few years, primarily driven by rapid subscriber growth.

The network is becoming the differentiator, and one significant aspect of ensuring high-performance mobile broadband for the mass market is having access to sufficient radio spectrum to deliver the required capacity and coverage.

As mobile-data traffic continues to grow, one clear candidate for delivering additional spectrum for mobile broadband is the 1800MHz band, today available for deployment of GSM services to more than 350 operators in 148 countries around the world.

By refarming this 1800MHz spectrum for use by mobile broadband radio technologies, including LTE and HSPA, operators can gain the additional capacity, higher performance, global accessibility and economies of scale that will ensure the continued success of mobile broadband services.

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Mobile broadband in 1800MHz spectrum – spectrum strategies, refarming and the global ecosystem

Many mobile operators around the world have HSPA technology to thank for their mobile broadband success. But as subscription rates continue to rise at incredible rates, fed by huge smartphone sales and the demand for bandwidth-hungry data, mobile operators face increasing challenges to keep their customer bases satisfied. HSPA evolution provides a cost-efficient answer.

The rapid growth of mobile broadband traffic in recent years has been driven and facilitated by the twin landmark appearances of, and developments in, new devices and HSPA technology. HSPA technology has a large footprint across many markets, providing wide-area coverage for a variety of terminals, including popular smartphones.

Several commercial LTE networks have also been deployed recently, aimed at meeting the longer-term needs of mobile broadband consumers. HSPA technology networks have a larger ecosystem, and consequently the majority of growth in mobile broadband traffic in coming years is likely to occur in these networks.

One thing is certain – there will be no slowdown in the pace of mobile broadband traffic growth. Ericsson estimates that mobile broadband subscriptions will almost top 5 billion by 2016, which means that operators will probably need to upgrade – HSPA evolution – to provide the service capabilities demanded by their customers.

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HSPA Evolution

As network operators seek to differentiate their broadband offerings, manage traffic and optimize operations across fixed and mobile access networks, policy control has a central role to play. Implementing a converged end-to-end policy control solution in broadband networks reduces operational complexity, enhances subscriber retention and creates opportunities for cross-bundling of services.

Smartphones, laptops and tablet devices are making data-driven services more accessible than ever. As the popularity of data services grows, so does the amount of data traffic in fixed broadband and mobile broadband networks.

Operators need to prioritize the most critical traffic and premium subscribers. By supporting local handling based on a combination of central policies and real-time data – including information on subscription, application, location and congestion – converged end-to-end policy control solutions allow appropriate policy decisions to be made and enforced close to fixed broadband and mobile broadband subscribers.

The implementation of converged end-to-end policy control solutions can help operators turn the potential threat of network congestion and dissatisfied subscribers into a profitable opportunity. Converged end-to-end policy control solutions in fixed broadband and mobile broadband networks reduce operational complexity, enhance subscriber retention and create opportunities for cross-bundling of services.

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Perfecting policy control – strategies for end-to-end support and convergence

LTE meets, and in most cases exceeds, the requirements for a 4G technology – and is consequently a key enabler for future 4G mobile broadband delivery.

In parallel with 3G evolution based on HSPA, LTE radio-access technology has been developed by 3GPP to offer a fully capable 4G mobile broadband platform. Through a range of innovative 4G functionalities, LTE enables operators to manage more traffic and meet growing data-rate demands.

The evolution of LTE, also referred to as LTE-Advanced or LTE Release 10, provides bandwidth extension and spectrum aggregation, extended multi-antenna transmission, relaying functionality and enhanced support for 4G mobile broadband heterogeneous network deployments.

New services and improved device capabilities mean that mobile broadband traffic and consumer data-rate demands are growing at an unprecedented rate. How can network operators respond?

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LTE – a 4G solution

In the vision of more than 50 billion connected devices, everything that can benefit from a connection will be connected. People are already online, connected and interacting. The next step is to get things and places online and interacting. And we are moving fast in that direction. The vision of more than 50 billion connected devices by 2020 may seem ambitious today, but with the right approach, it is within reach.

The vision of more than 50 billion connected devices, based on ubiquitous internet access over mobile broadband, devices or things will be connected and networked independently of where they are. Falling prices for communication, combined with new services and functionality connecting virtually everything to serve a wide range of commercial applications, individual needs and needs of society.

The 50 billion connected devices vision marks the beginning of a new era of innovative, intertwined, combined products and services that utilize the power of networks.

Networks that can support the exponential growth in the number of devices and meet the needs of specific vertical industries are crucial elements in the vision of more than 50 billion connected devices. The solutions must be open and standards-based to provide interoperability between ecosystem players and vertical industries.

An additional challenge to consider when developing new ecosystems is the need to integrate applications over different networks, and even different network technologies.

In industrial applications that need to interact with various, constantly-connected devices, integration across networks may become a necessity. The simplest level of integration is using national roaming to secure coverage. On top of that there may be the challenge of integration across different generations of mobile networks or integration of fixed and mobile services, and even integration across different mobile standards to secure service.

The cost of cellular machine-to-machine (M2M) modules is estimated to be falling at an annual rate of 15 percent, which makes connectivity-based services increasingly affordable. The cost of connectivity is already as low as USD 1.4 per gigabyte

The increased dependence on mobile systems will introduce demands for constant availability, resilience, coverage, latency and bandwidth. These demands, in turn, necessitate service level agreements and policy-enforcement solutions to ensure that the application can be run cost-efficiently and in accordance with agreements.

The human aspect of more than 50 billion connected devices goes way beyond smart living and new gaming devices. What’s needed is networking on a logical level, where devices communicate with each other and with people in a way that is quick and easy to relate to and understand. Consumers prefer not to be bombarded with generic, irrelevant information and messages. Personal integrity and privacy must always be taken into account.

The industry must drive integration across networks and access technologies to support simple and seamless device connectivity and services. Connectivity and service brokering, with national and international roaming agreements, are key. Tariffs and subscription models need to adapt to the way in which devices and services are actually used.

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More than 50 billion connected devices – taking connected devices to mass market and profitability

By discussing three areas of data management – data consolidation and optimization, customer experience management and new business models – and presenting a conceptual structure for data usage, this paper outlines how operators’ ever-growing data assets can be transformed into revenue streams.

Telecom operators have reached a turning point. Customer experience management is increasingly important, while new players and services mean that the competition is tougher than ever. These challenges are forcing operators to find new revenue streams and ways to compete.

In parallel with these developments, data traffic is growing at an explosive rate. Analyzing this flow – while recognizing privacy and integrity constraints – and proper data consolidation can generate much useful information, whilst the necessary subscriber data created and maintained by operators are assets in their own right.

The theme of this data management paper is that these assets are essential tools in maintaining operator’s leadership positions, and that making use of this enormous information base through data consolidation and a defined conceptual framework can deliver reduced infrastructure costs, better customer experience management, new services and new customers.

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Data management in telecoms

This paper describes why it is important for network operators to adopt a new approach to network design, what the networks must achieve in terms of their key operational characteristics and how certain design principles can be applied to fulfill these objectives. Well-designed scalable, smart networks will grow Total Value of Ownership (TVO) by providing a good balance between controlling costs and handling unforeseen changes in business strategy.

The telecom industry is entering an era of smart networks in which everything that can benefit from being connected will be linked to the network. In this highly competitive market, operators can differentiate their positions through brand, services and target customers. The perception of value is moving away from the delivery of data – or bits – and towards services and content, challenging current business models and creating new opportunities for operators to participate in service value chains.

There are multiple valid market positions here for operators, and they can be defined by a number of factors – low cost and best-effort connectivity, high service availability, fixed/mobile convergence, content delivery and service innovation, among others. Whatever position an operator chooses becomes its key smart network design driver.

Well-designed smart networks will grow Total Value of Ownership (TVO) by providing a good balance between controlling costs and handling unforeseen changes in business strategy.

Designing a network for a chosen market position relies on exploiting three key network characteristics: scalability, to cope with growth in the number of connected devices, traffic volumes and control-plane load; smartness, to add value to the service traffic carried; and superior performance, to delight customers with rapid service introduction and excellent Quality of Experience (QoE).

The most important design principles include taking a holistic perspective to avoid sub-optimization, including sufficient enabling functions and ensuring that these can then be activated by operational support and policy-control systems. In practical terms, networks should be as simple as possible; be designed to maximize growth and TVO, as well as meeting an operator’s unique business objectives; include a reference architecture covering both functionality and topology; and make use of traffic-processing enablers and control systems.

Network designers face a changing and challenging environment, but this paper shows that the smart network is truly a strategic asset that can continue to grow future value for the operator.

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Network 4 – Scalable, smart networks with superior performance

As the mobile broadband market enters its second wave of revenue development, differentiation is the name of the game. To stand out from the crowd, operators will need to offer a widespread, high-quality user experience and a range of differentiated services to attract different subscriber types.

Fast widespread mobile broadband is becoming the norm in the telecom world, and this presents operators with both challenges and opportunities as they compete to differentiate themselves from the competition.

The market has moved beyond the "one size fits all" flat-rate, data-bucket-based model for mobile broadband services with three major trends driving this evolution: a dramatic growth in mobile broadband subscriptions, growth of over-the-top services and the shift to cloud-based applications.

So mobile broadband differentiation is about giving people exactly what they need and are willing to pay for: no more, no less – from guaranteed "no-limit" premium subscriptions to "no-frills" subscriptions with no guarantees – and many other packages in between. Operators must now attract customers with the best possible user experience while also selling services at different price and performance points while controlling costs.

The opportunities of differentiation far outstrip the challenges, presenting operators with a chance to create innovative services that increase revenue, enhance customer relationships, build brand loyalty and, ultimately, help to control network loads and costs.

Some examples of how operators can differentiate their mobile broadband service include tiered mobile broadband packages, with various QoS measures, prioritization of mobile TV applications and certain smartphones, allowing subscribers to check their data balance, and giving them an opportunity for short-term package upgrades.

To meet the challenge of differentiated mobile broadband, operators can make use of a differentiation toolbox for mobile broadband services that enable them to transition their network into a flexible, intelligent resource that can deliver just the right level of differentiation for targeting diverse subscribers and segments. These tools include a range of QoS, policy control and traffic-management capabilities, from the network policy controller, through the Operational and Business Support Systems (OSS and BSS), to network planning and design, and integration and optimization.

Choosing the right partner with the knowledge and experience to maximize the benefit of a differentiation toolbox will enable the translation between the desired subscriber experience and the features and functionality needed in the network to realize it.

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Differentiated Mobile Broadband – enhance user experience and drive revenue growth

Accurate insight into customer service experience has never been more essential for operators competing in a market increasingly driven by end user expectations. The concept introduced in this paper represents a response to the Service Assurance challenge by combining a new business-oriented level of key performance indicators (KPIs) for user-experienced services with structured measurement, network reporting and event-based drill-down functionalities.

Today’s complex and constantly-evolving networks put considerable strain on Service Assurance abilities. At the same time, accurate and actionable insight into customer service experience has never been more essential for operators competing in a market increasingly driven by end user expectations.

At present, Service Assurance involves a bottom-up approach which builds service representations by taking node measurements and aggregating the resulting information into a central system. However, data reported from individual nodes affords little insight into user-perceived quality, and operators need a more satisfactory way of measuring quality and carrying out the right kind of root cause analysis (RCA) into service-quality problems.

As a result, operators are now asking the following questions:

• How can we gain an accurate, usable insight into service quality as perceived by end users and translate this into parameters for quality measurement and RCA?
• How can we better define services?
• How can we ensure that users enjoy appropriate differentiated service-quality levels?
• How can we quickly localize the factors behind quality degradation?

The concept introduced in this paper represents a response to the Service Assurance challenge by combining a new business-oriented level of key performance indicators (KPIs) for user-experienced services with structured measurement, network reporting and event-based drill-down functionalities.

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Keeping the customer service experience promise

The internet, the number of internet users, the volume of mobile devices, and the number of constantly connected devices have been growing at a tremendous rate, a trend which is set to continue far beyond the original growth expectations for which the network is designed.

The continued adoption of mobile broadband and increase in the number of internet users, as well as the amount of devices per user, are hastening the exhaustion of IPv4 addresses. IPv6 was designed to use a much larger address space (2^128 addresses), in addition to providing other benefits. The financial and business impact of address exhaustion will affect telecom operators and service providers. The absence of available IPv4 addresses will prevent subscriber growth and will become a threat to business continuity. In short, migration to IPv6 is vital.

Immediate deployment of IPv6 is recommended, starting with the evaluation of the impact of deploying the protocol. The move to IPv6 will be gradual, and co existence with IPv4 will be necessary. The primary means to transition to IPv6 from IPv4 is the dual stack transition mechanism. The introduction of IPv6 will enable several new business streams that utilize the resulting end-to-end addressing and reach of the terminals. IPv6 will reduce costs for acquiring address space since IPv6 addresses are far more abundant than IPv4 addresses. It will also lead to simpler network nodes and hence lower capital expenditure.

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Drivers for IPv6 deployment

Network evolution has an impact on almost every aspect of the communications business market, as new, powerful networks make life easier and more productive for billions of people across the globe. But a global communications system means global risks, with operators and users alike exposed to cybercrime and a host of other security risks.

An increased reliance on internet-based communications means risks will grow enormously in the coming years, and consumers will need to be even more careful with their private information. Network operators and service providers must adapt to a continuously changing risk landscape, and vendors must provide appropriate security in their products, solutions and services.

There is a somewhat dated perception that traditional telecommunications networks are relatively secure. The move to IP-based networking has directly challenged this, as the openness of the internet has inevitably led to abuse across the spectrum.

The most obvious problems are direct attacks on networks themselves. Security mechanisms for IP-based networks do exist, but are constantly challenged and attacked. So, while more open telecommunications architecture may seem to require less investment due to higher equipment production volumes and lower operating costs, security management costs are rising.

There are also growing security concerns in the user terminal space. Consumers have access to more capacity at a lower cost, which means that an increasing amount of data traffic needs to be kept under control. The complexity and adaptive-nature of malicious content increases as terminal capability grows. Furthermore, the public has greater access, with walled gardens giving way to application stores, which are often less controlled and thus more challenging from a security perspective.

At the same time, machine-to-machine (M2M) communication subscriptions are expected to increase exponentially over the next few years, and serious attempts to misuse connected devices are already emerging.

The list of security problems is long. It is not always clear which security threats are relevant to which services. Hackers are less likely to get caught, as geographical boundaries vanish and physical distance becomes irrelevant. Any loss or leaking of identifiable and sensitive enterprise and subscriber data will negatively impact brand image and trust, and companies may even be liable for breaching data protection laws as a result.

As network evolution embraces open technology, the misuse of telecommunication networks becomes easier and more attractive. Legitimate users are being exposed to new risks. The motivations for misuse are countless and the financial impact for operators, users and other stakeholders may be substantial. Both organizations and individuals can be directly attacked or become collateral damage in an attack on other parties.

Telecommunication solutions are diverse and their threat environments differ. Protection mechanisms need to match the diversity.

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Secure networks, sound evolution – avoiding unacceptable risks in internet-based communication